information-system-model/src/main/java/org/gcube/informationsystem/serialization/ElementMapper.java

package org.gcube.informationsystem.serialization;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import org.gcube.com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerationException;
import org.gcube.com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParseException;
import org.gcube.com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import org.gcube.com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationFeature;
import org.gcube.com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JavaType;
import org.gcube.com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException;
import org.gcube.com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
import org.gcube.com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.gcube.com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature;
import org.gcube.com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.module.SimpleModule;
import org.gcube.com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.ArrayNode;
import org.gcube.com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.JsonNodeType;
import org.gcube.com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.ObjectNode;
import org.gcube.com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.TextNode;
import org.gcube.informationsystem.base.reference.AccessType;
import org.gcube.informationsystem.base.reference.Element;
import org.gcube.informationsystem.discovery.Discovery;
import org.gcube.informationsystem.discovery.knowledge.Knowledge;
import org.gcube.informationsystem.types.TypeMapper;
import org.gcube.informationsystem.types.reference.Type;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * @author Luca Frosini (ISTI - CNR)
 */
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public abstract class ElementMapper {
	
	private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ElementMapper.class);
	
	protected static final ObjectMapper mapper;
	
	protected static final Map<String, Class<? extends Element>> knownTypes;
	
	/**
	 * @return the ObjectMapper
	 */
	public static ObjectMapper getObjectMapper() {
		return mapper;
	}
	
	static {
		mapper = new ObjectMapper();
		mapper.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);
		mapper.getSerializationConfig().with(SerializationFeature.ORDER_MAP_ENTRIES_BY_KEYS);
		
		/*
		 * Instructing Jackson to serialize any Date in the defined pattern 
		 */
		SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(Element.DATETIME_PATTERN);
		mapper.setDateFormat(sdf);
		
		knownTypes = new HashMap<>();
		
		List<Package> packages = new ArrayList<Package>();
		
		Class<Type> tdClz = Type.class;
		ElementMapper.registerSubtype(tdClz);
		packages.add(tdClz.getPackage());
		
		AccessType[] accessTypes = AccessType.values();
		for(AccessType accessType : accessTypes) {
			@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
			Class clz = accessType.getTypeClass();
			if(!Type.class.isAssignableFrom(clz)) {
				Class<Element> dummyClz = accessType.getDummyImplementationClass();
				if(dummyClz != null) {
					ElementMapper.registerSubtypes(clz, dummyClz);
				}else {
					ElementMapper.registerSubtype(clz);
				}
				packages.add(clz.getPackage());
			}
			
		}
		
		Set<AccessType> baseTypes = new LinkedHashSet<>();
		baseTypes.add(AccessType.PROPERTY_ELEMENT);
		baseTypes.add(AccessType.ENTITY_ELEMENT);
		baseTypes.add(AccessType.RELATION_ELEMENT);
		
		for(AccessType accessType : baseTypes) {
			Class<Element> clz = accessType.getTypeClass();
			try {
				Discovery<? extends Element> discovery = new Discovery<>(clz);
				discovery.addPackages(packages);
				discovery.addDiscoveredElementActions(new ElementMappingAction());
				discovery.discover();
			}catch (Exception e) {
				throw new RuntimeException(e);
			}
		}
		
		try {
			Knowledge.getInstance();
		}catch (Exception e) {
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		}
		
	}
	
	public static <El extends Element> void registerSubtypes(Class<El> clz, Class<El> implementationClass) {
		String typeName =  TypeMapper.getType(clz);
		SimpleModule isModule = new SimpleModule(typeName);
		isModule.addDeserializer(clz, new ElementDeserializer<>(clz, mapper));
		mapper.registerModule(isModule);
		registerSubtype(implementationClass);
	}
	
	public static <El extends Element> void registerSubtype(Class<El> clz) {
		String typeName =  TypeMapper.getType(clz);
		knownTypes.put(typeName, clz);
		mapper.registerSubtypes(clz);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Write the serialization of a given resource to a given
	 * {@link OutputStream} .
	 * 
	 * @param object the resource
	 * @param stream the stream in input
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws JsonMappingException
	 * @throws JsonGenerationException
	 */
	public static <T extends OutputStream, El extends Element> T marshal(El object, T stream)
			throws JsonGenerationException, JsonMappingException, IOException {
		mapper.writeValue(stream, object);
		return stream;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Write the serialization of a given resource to a given {@link Writer} .
	 * @param object the resource
	 * @param writer the writer in input
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws JsonMappingException
	 * @throws JsonGenerationException
	 */
	public static <T extends Writer, El extends Element> T marshal(El object, T writer)
			throws JsonGenerationException, JsonMappingException, IOException {
		mapper.writeValue(writer, object);
		return writer;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Return the String serialization of a given object
	 * @param object the object to marshal
	 * @return the String serialization of a given resource
	 * @throws JsonProcessingException
	 */
	public static <El extends Element> String marshal(El object) throws JsonProcessingException {
		return mapper.writeValueAsString(object);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Return the String serialization of a given list
	 * @param list the list to marshal
	 * @return the String serialization of a given list
	 * @throws JsonProcessingException
	 */
	public static <El extends Element> String marshal(List<El> list) throws JsonProcessingException {
		JavaType type = mapper.getTypeFactory().constructCollectionType(List.class, Element.class);
		return mapper.writerFor(type).writeValueAsString(list);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Return the String serialization of a given array
	 * @param array the array to marshal
	 * @return the String serialization of a given array
	 * @throws JsonProcessingException
	 */
	public static <El extends Element> String marshal(El[] array) throws JsonProcessingException {
		return mapper.writeValueAsString(array);
	}
	
	protected static StringBuffer getError(String unknownType) {
		StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
		stringBuffer.append(unknownType);
		stringBuffer.append(" is an unknown type. Please provide ");
		stringBuffer.append(Element.SUPERTYPES_PROPERTY);
		stringBuffer.append(" property as string array to allow to instantiate the most appropriated class.");
		return stringBuffer;
	}
	
	protected static JsonNode setAvailableSuperclass(JsonNode jsonNode) {
		String unknownType = jsonNode.get(Element.TYPE_PROPERTY).asText();
		ArrayNode arrayNode = (ArrayNode) jsonNode.get(Element.SUPERTYPES_PROPERTY);
		
		String candidatedSupertype = null;
		for(int i = 0; i < arrayNode.size(); i++) {
			String superType = arrayNode.get(i).asText();
			if(knownTypes.containsKey(superType)) {
				candidatedSupertype = superType;
				try {
					// Checking if it is one of the base type. In some cases we need to use dummy 
					// implementation
					AccessType accessType = AccessType.getAccessType(superType);
					// It is one of the BaseType. 
					// Looking if we need to set the dummy implementation class
					if(accessType.getDummyImplementationClass()!=null) {
						// This should not happen because the type has been assigned already to the dummy class.
						candidatedSupertype = accessType.getDummyImplementationClass().getSimpleName();
					}
				} catch(Exception ex) {
					// can continue discovery
				}
				break;
			}
		}
			
		if(candidatedSupertype!=null) {
			if(!jsonNode.has(Element.EXPECTED_TYPE_PROPERTY)) {
				((ObjectNode) jsonNode).set(Element.EXPECTED_TYPE_PROPERTY, jsonNode.get(Element.TYPE_PROPERTY));
			}
			((ObjectNode) jsonNode).set(Element.TYPE_PROPERTY, new TextNode(candidatedSupertype));
			((ObjectNode) jsonNode).remove(Element.SUPERTYPES_PROPERTY);
			return jsonNode;
		}
		
		StringBuffer stringBuffer = getError(unknownType);
		logger.trace("Unable to unmarshall {}. {}", jsonNode.toString(), stringBuffer.toString());
		throw new RuntimeException(stringBuffer.toString());
	}
	
	protected static JsonNode analizeFullJson(JsonNode jsonNode) {
		String cls = jsonNode.get(Element.TYPE_PROPERTY).asText();
		if(!knownTypes.containsKey(cls)) {
			jsonNode = setAvailableSuperclass(jsonNode);
		}
		Iterator<String> iterator = jsonNode.fieldNames();
		while(iterator.hasNext()) {
			String fieldName =  iterator.next();
			JsonNode jn = jsonNode.get(fieldName);
			if(jn.getNodeType() == JsonNodeType.OBJECT) {
				jn = analizeFullJson(jn);
				((ObjectNode) jsonNode).set(fieldName, jn);
			}
		}
		return jsonNode;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Creates a resource of given class from its serialization in a given
	 * {@link Reader}.
	 * @param clz the class of the resource
	 * @param reader the reader
	 * @return the resource
	 * @throws JsonParseException
	 * @throws JsonMappingException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static <El extends Element> El unmarshal(Class<El> clz, Reader reader)
			throws JsonParseException, JsonMappingException, IOException {
		try {
			return mapper.readValue(reader, clz);
		} catch (JsonMappingException e) {
			JsonNode jsonNode = mapper.readTree(reader);
			jsonNode = analizeFullJson(jsonNode);
			return ElementMapper.unmarshal(clz, mapper.writeValueAsString(jsonNode));
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Creates a resource of given class from its serialization in a given
	 * {@link InputStream}.
	 * @param clz the class of the resource
	 * @param stream the stream
	 * @return the resource
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws JsonMappingException
	 * @throws JsonParseException
	 */
	public static <El extends Element> El unmarshal(Class<El> clz, InputStream stream)
			throws JsonParseException, JsonMappingException, IOException {
		try {
			return mapper.readValue(stream, clz);
		} catch (JsonMappingException e) {
			JsonNode jsonNode = mapper.readTree(stream);
			jsonNode = analizeFullJson(jsonNode);
			return ElementMapper.unmarshal(clz, mapper.writeValueAsString(jsonNode));
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Creates a resource of given class from its serialization in a given String
	 * @param clz the class of the resource
	 * @param string
	 * @return the resource
	 * @throws JsonParseException
	 * @throws JsonMappingException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static <El extends Element> El unmarshal(Class<El> clz, String string)
			throws JsonParseException, JsonMappingException, IOException {
		try {
			return mapper.readValue(string, clz);
		} catch (JsonMappingException e) {
			JsonNode jsonNode = mapper.readTree(string);
			jsonNode = analizeFullJson(jsonNode);
			return ElementMapper.unmarshal(clz, mapper.writeValueAsString(jsonNode));
		} 
	}
	
	public static <El extends Element> List<El> unmarshalList(Class<El> clz, String string)
			throws JsonParseException, JsonMappingException, IOException {
		JavaType type = mapper.getTypeFactory().constructCollectionType(ArrayList.class, clz);
		try {
			return mapper.readValue(string, type);
		} catch (JsonMappingException e) {
			List<El> ret = new ArrayList<>();
			ArrayNode arrayNode = (ArrayNode) mapper.readTree(string);
			for(JsonNode jsonNode : arrayNode) {
				jsonNode = analizeFullJson(jsonNode);
				ret.add(ElementMapper.unmarshal(clz, mapper.writeValueAsString(jsonNode)));
			}
			return ret;
		}
	}
	
	public static <El extends Element> List<El> unmarshalList(String string)
			throws JsonParseException, JsonMappingException, IOException {
		JavaType type = mapper.getTypeFactory().constructCollectionType(ArrayList.class, Element.class);
		try {
			return mapper.readValue(string, type);
		} catch (JsonMappingException e) {
			List<El> ret = new ArrayList<>();
			ArrayNode arrayNode = (ArrayNode) mapper.readTree(string);
			for(JsonNode jsonNode : arrayNode) {
				jsonNode = analizeFullJson(jsonNode);
				ret.add((El) ElementMapper.unmarshal(Element.class, mapper.writeValueAsString(jsonNode)));
			}
			return ret;
		}
	}
	
}