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        <dc:title>Anisotropic mechanisms for multiphasic unipolar electrograms. Simulation studies and experimental
            recordings
        </dc:title>
        <dc:creator>Colli Franzone, Piero,</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Guerri, Luciano,</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Pennacchio, Micol,</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Taccardi, Bruno</dc:creator>
        <dc:date>1999-09-30</dc:date>
        <dc:description>The origin of the multiple, complex morphologies observed in
            unipolar epicardial electrograms, and their relationships with myocardial
            architecture, have not been fully elucidated. To clarify this problem we
            simulated electrograms (EGs) with a model representing the heart as an
            anisotropic bidomain with unequal anisotropy ratio, ellipsoidal ventricular
            geometry, transmural fiber rotation, epi-endocardial obliqueness of fiber
            direction and a simplified conduction system. The electrograms were compared
            with those directly recorded from the surface of isolated dog hearts immersed
            in a conducting medium. The model accurately reproduced the recorded EG
            morphologies for excitation wave fronts that reach the recording sites by
            spreading either along or across fibers.The
            origin of the multiple waves that constitute the QRS complex could be better
            understood after splitting the current sources, the potential distributions and
            the EGs into a field component (further subdivided into an axial and a conormal component) and a "reference"
            component. The split model provides an explanation of the interaction between the three-dimensional geometry
            and direction of
            propagation of a spreading wave front, the architecture of the fibers through
            which excitation is spreading, the potential distributions and the QRS wave
            forms. Because epicardial potentials, electrograms and isochrone contours can be
            computed noninvasively from body surface measurements, interpreting epicardial
            EGs in terms of intramural events may have clinical relevance.
        </dc:description>
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        <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
        <dc:source>Preprint ercim.cnr.ian//1999-1151, 1999.</dc:source>
        <dc:subject>Electrograms, bidomain model, reference potential, cardiac potential maps, anisotropic propagation,
            source splitting
        </dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>info:eu-repo/classification/msc/78A70,65N30</dc:subject>
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