diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/Result.java b/src/main/java/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/Result.java index db30bf6..47fa87c 100644 --- a/src/main/java/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/Result.java +++ b/src/main/java/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/Result.java @@ -2,246 +2,700 @@ package eu.dnetlib.dhp.schema.oaf; import java.io.Serializable; -import java.util.Comparator; -import java.util.List; -import java.util.Objects; -import java.util.Optional; +import java.util.*; import java.util.stream.Collectors; +import java.util.stream.Stream; import eu.dnetlib.dhp.schema.common.AccessRightComparator; import eu.dnetlib.dhp.schema.common.ModelConstants; +import org.apache.commons.lang3.EnumUtils; +import scala.Tuple2; +/** + * The type Result. + */ public class Result extends OafEntity implements Serializable { + /** + * The Measures. + */ private List measures; + /** + * The Author. + */ private List author; - // resulttype allows subclassing results into publications | datasets | software + /** + * The Resulttype. + */ +// resulttype allows subclassing results into publications | datasets | software private Qualifier resulttype; - // common fields + /** + * The Language. + */ +// common fields private Qualifier language; + /** + * The Country. + */ private List country; + /** + * The Subject. + */ private List subject; + /** + * The Title. + */ private List title; + /** + * The Relevantdate. + */ private List relevantdate; + /** + * The Description. + */ private List> description; + /** + * The Dateofacceptance. + */ private Field dateofacceptance; + /** + * The Publisher. + */ private Field publisher; + /** + * The Embargoenddate. + */ private Field embargoenddate; + /** + * The Source. + */ private List> source; + /** + * The Fulltext. + */ private List> fulltext; // remove candidate + /** + * The Format. + */ private List> format; + /** + * The Contributor. + */ private List> contributor; + /** + * The Resourcetype. + */ private Qualifier resourcetype; + /** + * The Coverage. + */ private List> coverage; + /** + * The Bestaccessright. + */ private Qualifier bestaccessright; + /** + * The Context. + */ private List context; + /** + * The External reference. + */ private List externalReference; + /** + * The Instance. + */ private List instance; + /** + * Gets measures. + * + * @return the measures + */ public List getMeasures() { return measures; } + /** + * Sets measures. + * + * @param measures the measures + */ public void setMeasures(List measures) { this.measures = measures; } + /** + * Gets author. + * + * @return the author + */ public List getAuthor() { return author; } + /** + * Sets author. + * + * @param author the author + */ public void setAuthor(List author) { this.author = author; } + /** + * Gets resulttype. + * + * @return the resulttype + */ public Qualifier getResulttype() { return resulttype; } + /** + * Sets resulttype. + * + * @param resulttype the resulttype + */ public void setResulttype(Qualifier resulttype) { this.resulttype = resulttype; } + /** + * Gets language. + * + * @return the language + */ public Qualifier getLanguage() { return language; } + /** + * Sets language. + * + * @param language the language + */ public void setLanguage(Qualifier language) { this.language = language; } + /** + * Gets country. + * + * @return the country + */ public List getCountry() { return country; } + /** + * Sets country. + * + * @param country the country + */ public void setCountry(List country) { this.country = country; } + /** + * Gets subject. + * + * @return the subject + */ public List getSubject() { return subject; } + /** + * Sets subject. + * + * @param subject the subject + */ public void setSubject(List subject) { this.subject = subject; } + /** + * Gets title. + * + * @return the title + */ public List getTitle() { return title; } + /** + * Sets title. + * + * @param title the title + */ public void setTitle(List title) { this.title = title; } + /** + * Gets relevantdate. + * + * @return the relevantdate + */ public List getRelevantdate() { return relevantdate; } + /** + * Sets relevantdate. + * + * @param relevantdate the relevantdate + */ public void setRelevantdate(List relevantdate) { this.relevantdate = relevantdate; } + /** + * Gets description. + * + * @return the description + */ public List> getDescription() { return description; } + /** + * Sets description. + * + * @param description the description + */ public void setDescription(List> description) { this.description = description; } + /** + * Gets dateofacceptance. + * + * @return the dateofacceptance + */ public Field getDateofacceptance() { return dateofacceptance; } + /** + * Sets dateofacceptance. + * + * @param dateofacceptance the dateofacceptance + */ public void setDateofacceptance(Field dateofacceptance) { this.dateofacceptance = dateofacceptance; } + /** + * Gets publisher. + * + * @return the publisher + */ public Field getPublisher() { return publisher; } + /** + * Sets publisher. + * + * @param publisher the publisher + */ public void setPublisher(Field publisher) { this.publisher = publisher; } + /** + * Gets embargoenddate. + * + * @return the embargoenddate + */ public Field getEmbargoenddate() { return embargoenddate; } + /** + * Sets embargoenddate. + * + * @param embargoenddate the embargoenddate + */ public void setEmbargoenddate(Field embargoenddate) { this.embargoenddate = embargoenddate; } + /** + * Gets source. + * + * @return the source + */ public List> getSource() { return source; } + /** + * Sets source. + * + * @param source the source + */ public void setSource(List> source) { this.source = source; } + /** + * Gets fulltext. + * + * @return the fulltext + */ public List> getFulltext() { return fulltext; } + /** + * Sets fulltext. + * + * @param fulltext the fulltext + */ public void setFulltext(List> fulltext) { this.fulltext = fulltext; } + /** + * Gets format. + * + * @return the format + */ public List> getFormat() { return format; } + /** + * Sets format. + * + * @param format the format + */ public void setFormat(List> format) { this.format = format; } + /** + * Gets contributor. + * + * @return the contributor + */ public List> getContributor() { return contributor; } + /** + * Sets contributor. + * + * @param contributor the contributor + */ public void setContributor(List> contributor) { this.contributor = contributor; } + /** + * Gets resourcetype. + * + * @return the resourcetype + */ public Qualifier getResourcetype() { return resourcetype; } + /** + * Sets resourcetype. + * + * @param resourcetype the resourcetype + */ public void setResourcetype(Qualifier resourcetype) { this.resourcetype = resourcetype; } + /** + * Gets coverage. + * + * @return the coverage + */ public List> getCoverage() { return coverage; } + /** + * Sets coverage. + * + * @param coverage the coverage + */ public void setCoverage(List> coverage) { this.coverage = coverage; } + /** + * Gets bestaccessright. + * + * @return the bestaccessright + */ public Qualifier getBestaccessright() { return bestaccessright; } + /** + * Sets bestaccessright. + * + * @param bestaccessright the bestaccessright + */ public void setBestaccessright(Qualifier bestaccessright) { this.bestaccessright = bestaccessright; } + /** + * Gets context. + * + * @return the context + */ public List getContext() { return context; } + /** + * Sets context. + * + * @param context the context + */ public void setContext(List context) { this.context = context; } + /** + * Gets external reference. + * + * @return the external reference + */ public List getExternalReference() { return externalReference; } + /** + * Sets external reference. + * + * @param externalReference the external reference + */ public void setExternalReference(List externalReference) { this.externalReference = externalReference; } + /** + * Gets instance. + * + * @return the instance + */ public List getInstance() { return instance; } + /** + * Sets instance. + * + * @param instance the instance + */ public void setInstance(List instance) { this.instance = instance; } - private static boolean isAnEnrichment(OafEntity e) { + /** + * Is an enrichment boolean. + * + * @param e the e + * @return the boolean + */ + public static boolean isAnEnrichment(OafEntity e) { return e.getDataInfo()!= null && e.getDataInfo().getProvenanceaction()!= null && ModelConstants.PROVENANCE_ENRICH.equalsIgnoreCase(e.getDataInfo().getProvenanceaction().getClassid()); } + + /** + * Normalize pid string. + * + * @param pid the pid + * @return the string + */ + private static String normalizePid(final StructuredProperty pid) { + return String.format("%s::%s", pid.getQualifier().getClassid().toLowerCase(), pid.getValue().toLowerCase()); + } + + /** + * Valid pid boolean. + * + * @param p the p + * @return the boolean + */ + private static boolean validPid(final StructuredProperty p) { + return p.getValue()!= null && p.getQualifier()!= null && p.getQualifier().getClassid()!=null; + } + + + /** + * This method converts the list of instance enrichments + * into a Map where the key is the normalized identifier + * and the value is the instance itself + * + * @param ri the list of enrichment instances + * @return the result map + */ + public static Map toInstanceMap(final List ri) { + return ri + .stream() + .filter(i -> i.getPid() != null || i.getAlternateIdentifier() != null) + .flatMap(i -> { + final List> result = new ArrayList<>(); + if (i.getPid() != null) + i.getPid().stream().filter(Result::validPid).forEach(p -> result.add(new Tuple2<>(normalizePid(p), i))); + if (i.getAlternateIdentifier() != null) + i.getAlternateIdentifier().stream().filter(Result::validPid).forEach(p -> result.add(new Tuple2<>(normalizePid(p), i))); + return result.stream(); + }).collect(Collectors.toMap( + Tuple2::_1, + Tuple2::_2, + (a, b) -> a + )); + } + + /** + * This utility method finds the list of enrichment instances + * that match one or more PIDs in the input list + * + * @param pids the list of PIDs + * @param enrichments the List of enrichment instances having the same pid + * @return the list + */ + private static List findEnrichmentsByPID(final List pids, final Map enrichments) { + if (pids == null || enrichments == null) + return null; + return pids + .stream() + .map(Result::normalizePid) + .map(enrichments::get) + .filter(Objects::nonNull) + .collect(Collectors.toList()); + } + + /** + * This method apply enrichment on a single instance + * The enrichment consists of replacing values on + * single attribute only if in the current instance is missing + * The only repeatable field enriched is measures + * + * @param currentInstance the current instance + * @param enrichment the enrichment instance + */ + private static void applyEnrichment(final Instance currentInstance, final Instance enrichment) { + if (currentInstance == null || enrichment == null) + return; + + //ENRICH accessright + if (enrichment.getAccessright()!=null && currentInstance.getAccessright() == null) + currentInstance.setAccessright(enrichment.getAccessright()); + + //ENRICH license + if (enrichment.getLicense()!=null && currentInstance.getLicense() == null) + currentInstance.setLicense(enrichment.getLicense()); + + //ENRICH instanceType + if (enrichment.getInstancetype()!=null && currentInstance.getInstancetype() == null) + currentInstance.setInstancetype(enrichment.getInstancetype()); + + //ENRICH hostedby + if (enrichment.getHostedby()!=null && currentInstance.getHostedby() == null) + currentInstance.setHostedby(enrichment.getHostedby()); + + //ENRICH distributionlocation + if (enrichment.getDistributionlocation()!=null && currentInstance.getDistributionlocation() == null) + currentInstance.setDistributionlocation(enrichment.getDistributionlocation()); + + //ENRICH collectedfrom + if (enrichment.getCollectedfrom()!=null && currentInstance.getCollectedfrom() == null) + currentInstance.setCollectedfrom(enrichment.getCollectedfrom()); + + //ENRICH dateofacceptance + if (enrichment.getDateofacceptance()!=null && currentInstance.getDateofacceptance() == null) + currentInstance.setDateofacceptance(enrichment.getDateofacceptance()); + + //ENRICH processingchargeamount + if (enrichment.getProcessingchargeamount()!=null && currentInstance.getProcessingchargeamount() == null) + currentInstance.setProcessingchargeamount(enrichment.getProcessingchargeamount()); + + //ENRICH refereed + if (enrichment.getRefereed()!=null && currentInstance.getRefereed() == null) + currentInstance.setRefereed(enrichment.getRefereed()); + + //ENRICH measures + if (enrichment.getMeasures()!=null) + if (currentInstance.getMeasures() == null) + currentInstance.setMeasures(enrichment.getMeasures()); + else + enrichment.getMeasures().forEach(currentInstance.getMeasures()::add); + + } + + + /** + * This main method apply the enrichment of the instances + * + * @param toEnrichInstances the instances that could be enriched + * @param enrichmentInstances the enrichment instances + * @return list of instances possibly enriched + */ + private static List enrichInstances(final List toEnrichInstances,final List enrichmentInstances) { + final List enrichmentResult = new ArrayList<>(); + + if (toEnrichInstances == null) { + return enrichmentResult; + } + if (enrichmentInstances == null) { + return enrichmentResult; + } + Map ri = toInstanceMap(enrichmentInstances); + + toEnrichInstances.forEach(i -> { + final List e = findEnrichmentsByPID(i.getPid(), ri); + if (e!= null && e.size()> 0) { + e.forEach(enr -> applyEnrichment(i, enr)); + } else { + final List a = findEnrichmentsByPID(i.getAlternateIdentifier(), ri); + if (a!= null && a.size()> 0) { + a.forEach(enr -> applyEnrichment(i, enr)); + } + } + enrichmentResult.add(i); + }); + return enrichmentResult; + } + @Override public void mergeFrom(OafEntity e) { super.mergeFrom(e); @@ -254,7 +708,15 @@ public class Result extends OafEntity implements Serializable { measures = mergeLists(measures, r.getMeasures()); - instance = mergeLists(instance, r.getInstance()); + if( !isAnEnrichment(this) && !isAnEnrichment(e)) + instance = mergeLists(instance, r.getInstance()); + else { + final List enrichmentInstances = isAnEnrichment(this) ? instance : r.getInstance(); + final List enrichedInstances= isAnEnrichment(this) ? r.getInstance(): instance; + if (isAnEnrichment(this)) + setDataInfo(e.getDataInfo()); + instance = enrichInstances(enrichedInstances,enrichmentInstances); + } if (r.getBestaccessright() != null && new AccessRightComparator().compare(r.getBestaccessright(), bestaccessright) < 0) @@ -334,6 +796,13 @@ public class Result extends OafEntity implements Serializable { externalReference = mergeLists(externalReference, r.getExternalReference()); } + /** + * Longest lists list. + * + * @param a the a + * @param b the b + * @return the list + */ private List> longestLists(List> a, List> b) { if (a == null || b == null) return a == null ? b : a; @@ -355,6 +824,12 @@ public class Result extends OafEntity implements Serializable { return a.size() > b.size() ? a : b; } + /** + * Gets main title. + * + * @param titles the titles + * @return the main title + */ private StructuredProperty getMainTitle(List titles) { // need to check if the list of titles contains more than 1 main title? (in that case, we should chose which // main title select in the list) diff --git a/src/test/java/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/MergeTest.java b/src/test/java/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/MergeTest.java index e271e47..6e335e0 100644 --- a/src/test/java/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/MergeTest.java +++ b/src/test/java/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/MergeTest.java @@ -3,22 +3,42 @@ package eu.dnetlib.dhp.schema.oaf; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*; + +import java.io.IOException; +import java.io.InputStream; import java.time.format.DateTimeParseException; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; +import java.util.Objects; +import java.util.stream.Collectors; + +import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; +import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils; import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; +/** + * The type Merge test. + */ class MergeTest { + /** + * The Oaf. + */ OafEntity oaf; + /** + * Sets up. + */ @BeforeEach public void setUp() { oaf = new Publication(); } + /** + * Merge lists test. + */ @Test @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") void mergeListsTest() { @@ -35,6 +55,9 @@ class MergeTest { System.out.println("merge result 3 = " + oaf.mergeLists(c, c)); } + /** + * Merge publication collected from test. + */ @Test void mergePublicationCollectedFromTest() { @@ -50,6 +73,118 @@ class MergeTest { assertEquals(3, a.getCollectedfrom().size()); } + /** + * Load resource result list. + * + * @param the type parameter + * @param path the path + * @param clazz the clazz + * @return the list + * @throws Exception the exception + */ + private List loadResourceResult(final String path, final Class clazz ) throws Exception { + final ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); + final InputStream str = Objects.requireNonNull(getClass().getResourceAsStream(path)); + // LOAD test publications + return IOUtils.readLines(str).stream().map(s -> { + try { + return mapper.readValue(s, clazz); + } catch (IOException e) { + return null; + } + }).filter(Objects::nonNull).collect(Collectors.toList()); + } + + + /** + * Apply to any test list result the same pid of the enrichment instance + * + * @param source the source + * @param enrichment the enrichment + * @param overrideAlternateIdentifier the override alternate identifier + */ + private void updatePidIntoPublicationInstance(final List source, final Listenrichment, final boolean overrideAlternateIdentifier) { + for(int i = 0 ; i< source.size(); i++) { + final Result currentPub = source.get(i); + final Result currentEnrichment = enrichment.get(i); + final Instance currentInstance = Objects.requireNonNull(currentPub.getInstance()).get(0); + if (overrideAlternateIdentifier) + currentInstance.setAlternateIdentifier(Objects.requireNonNull(currentEnrichment.getInstance()).get(0).getPid()); + else + currentInstance.setPid(Objects.requireNonNull(currentEnrichment.getInstance()).get(0).getPid()); + } + } + + + private void applyAndVerifyEnrichment(final List l1, final List l2) { + // Apply Merge and verify that enrichments works + for(int i = 0 ; i< l1.size(); i++) { + final Result currentPub = l2.get(i); + final Result currentEnrichment = l1.get(i); + currentPub.mergeFrom(currentEnrichment); + assertEquals(1, currentPub.getInstance().size()); + final Instance currentInstance = Objects.requireNonNull(currentPub.getInstance()).get(0); + assertNotNull(currentInstance.getMeasures()); + assertNotNull(currentPub.getTitle()); + assertFalse(Result.isAnEnrichment(currentPub)); + } + + } + + + + /** + * Test enrichment function. + * + * @throws Exception the exception + */ + @Test + void testEnrichment() throws Exception { + + + // 1 TEST UPDATING PID INSTANCE AND MERGE CURRENT PUBLICATION WITH ENRICHMENT + // LOAD test publications + List publications = loadResourceResult("/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/utils/publications.json", Publication.class); + // Assert that each publication has only one instance and inside that all the measure field is empty + publications.forEach(p -> { + assertEquals(1, p.getInstance().size()); + final Instance currentInstance = Objects.requireNonNull(p.getInstance()).get(0); + assertNull(currentInstance.getMeasures()); + }); + + // LOAD test enrichments + List enrichment = loadResourceResult("/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/utils/enrichment.json", Result.class); + + updatePidIntoPublicationInstance(publications, enrichment, false); + applyAndVerifyEnrichment(publications, enrichment); + + + // 2 TEST UPDATING ALTERNATE ID INSTANCE AND MERGE CURRENT PUBLICATION WITH ENRICHMENT + publications = loadResourceResult("/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/utils/publications.json", Publication.class); + enrichment = loadResourceResult("/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/utils/enrichment.json", Result.class); + updatePidIntoPublicationInstance(publications, enrichment, true); + applyAndVerifyEnrichment(publications, enrichment); + + + // 3 TEST UPDATING PID INSTANCE AND MERGE ENRICHMENT WITH CURRENT PUBLICATION + publications = loadResourceResult("/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/utils/publications.json", Publication.class); + enrichment = loadResourceResult("/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/utils/enrichment.json", Result.class); + updatePidIntoPublicationInstance(publications, enrichment, false); + applyAndVerifyEnrichment( enrichment, publications); + + // 4 TEST UPDATING ALTERNATE ID INSTANCE AND MERGE ENRICHMENT WITH CURRENT PUBLICATION + publications = loadResourceResult("/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/utils/publications.json", Publication.class); + enrichment = loadResourceResult("/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/utils/enrichment.json", Result.class); + updatePidIntoPublicationInstance(publications, enrichment, true); + applyAndVerifyEnrichment( enrichment, publications); + + + } + + + /** + * Merge publication date of acceptance test both present. + */ @Test void mergePublicationDateOfAcceptanceTest_bothPresent() { @@ -65,6 +200,9 @@ class MergeTest { assertEquals("2021-06-18", a.getDateofacceptance().getValue()); } + /** + * Merge publication date of acceptance test both present 1. + */ @Test void mergePublicationDateOfAcceptanceTest_bothPresent_1() { @@ -80,6 +218,9 @@ class MergeTest { assertEquals("2021-06-19", a.getDateofacceptance().getValue()); } + /** + * Merge publication date of acceptance test both present 2. + */ @Test void mergePublicationDateOfAcceptanceTest_bothPresent_2() { @@ -95,6 +236,9 @@ class MergeTest { assertEquals("2021-06-18", a.getDateofacceptance().getValue()); } + /** + * Merge publication date of acceptance test left missing. + */ @Test void mergePublicationDateOfAcceptanceTest_leftMissing() { @@ -109,6 +253,9 @@ class MergeTest { assertEquals("2021-06-19", a.getDateofacceptance().getValue()); } + /** + * Merge publication date of acceptance test left missing 1. + */ @Test void mergePublicationDateOfAcceptanceTest_leftMissing_1() { @@ -123,6 +270,9 @@ class MergeTest { assertEquals("2021-06-19", a.getDateofacceptance().getValue()); } + /** + * Merge publication date of acceptance test left missing 2. + */ @Test void mergePublicationDateOfAcceptanceTest_leftMissing_2() { @@ -137,6 +287,9 @@ class MergeTest { assertEquals("2021-06-19", a.getDateofacceptance().getValue()); } + /** + * Merge publication date of acceptance test right missing. + */ @Test void mergePublicationDateOfAcceptanceTest_rightMissing() { @@ -151,6 +304,9 @@ class MergeTest { assertEquals("2021-06-19", a.getDateofacceptance().getValue()); } + /** + * Merge publication date of acceptance test right missing 1. + */ @Test void mergePublicationDateOfAcceptanceTest_rightMissing_1() { @@ -165,6 +321,9 @@ class MergeTest { assertEquals("2021-06-19", a.getDateofacceptance().getValue()); } + /** + * Merge publication date of acceptance test right missing 2. + */ @Test void mergePublicationDateOfAcceptanceTest_rightMissing_2() { @@ -179,6 +338,9 @@ class MergeTest { assertEquals("2021-06-19", a.getDateofacceptance().getValue()); } + /** + * Merge publication subject test. + */ @Test void mergePublicationSubjectTest() { @@ -194,6 +356,9 @@ class MergeTest { assertEquals(3, a.getSubject().size()); } + /** + * Merge relation test. + */ @Test void mergeRelationTest() { @@ -235,6 +400,9 @@ class MergeTest { } + /** + * Merge relation test parse exception. + */ @Test void mergeRelationTestParseException() { assertThrows(DateTimeParseException.class, () -> { @@ -244,6 +412,13 @@ class MergeTest { }); } + /** + * Create rel relation. + * + * @param validated the validated + * @param validationDate the validation date + * @return the relation + */ private Relation createRel(Boolean validated, String validationDate) { Relation rel = new Relation(); rel.setSource("1"); @@ -256,6 +431,13 @@ class MergeTest { return rel; } + /** + * Sets kv. + * + * @param key the key + * @param value the value + * @return the kv + */ private KeyValue setKV(final String key, final String value) { KeyValue k = new KeyValue(); @@ -266,6 +448,14 @@ class MergeTest { return k; } + /** + * Sets sp. + * + * @param value the value + * @param schema the schema + * @param classname the classname + * @return the sp + */ private StructuredProperty setSP( final String value, final String schema, final String classname) { StructuredProperty s = new StructuredProperty(); @@ -279,24 +469,48 @@ class MergeTest { return s; } + /** + * Field field. + * + * @param the type parameter + * @param value the value + * @return the field + */ private Field field(T value) { Field f = new Field(); f.setValue(value); return f; } + /** + * Publication publication. + * + * @return the publication + */ private Publication publication() { Publication p = new Publication(); p.setDataInfo(df("0.9")); return p; } + /** + * Publication publication. + * + * @param trust the trust + * @return the publication + */ private Publication publication(String trust) { Publication p = new Publication(); p.setDataInfo(df(trust)); return p; } + /** + * Df data info. + * + * @param trust the trust + * @return the data info + */ private DataInfo df(String trust) { DataInfo d = new DataInfo(); d.setTrust(trust); diff --git a/src/test/resources/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/utils/enrichment.json b/src/test/resources/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/utils/enrichment.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a26b106 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/resources/eu/dnetlib/dhp/schema/oaf/utils/enrichment.json @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +{"dataInfo":{"deletedbyinference":false,"inferred":true,"invisible":false,"provenanceaction":{"classid":"sysimport:enrich","schemeid":"dnet:provenanceActions","schemename":"dnet:provenanceActions"}},"id":"unresolved::10.0000/ra.v2i3.114::doi","instance":[{"measures":[{"id":"influence","unit":[{"dataInfo":{"deletedbyinference":false,"inferenceprovenance":"update","inferred":true,"invisible":false,"provenanceaction":{"classid":"measure:bip","classname":"Inferred by OpenAIRE","schemeid":"dnet:provenanceActions","schemename":"dnet:provenanceActions"},"trust":""},"key":"score","value":"5.91019644836e-09"}]},{"id":"popularity_alt","unit":[{"dataInfo":{"deletedbyinference":false,"inferenceprovenance":"update","inferred":true,"invisible":false,"provenanceaction":{"classid":"measure:bip","classname":"Inferred by OpenAIRE","schemeid":"dnet:provenanceActions","schemename":"dnet:provenanceActions"},"trust":""},"key":"score","value":"0.0"}]},{"id":"popularity","unit":[{"dataInfo":{"deletedbyinference":false,"inferenceprovenance":"update","inferred":true,"invisible":false,"provenanceaction":{"classid":"measure:bip","classname":"Inferred by OpenAIRE","schemeid":"dnet:provenanceActions","schemename":"dnet:provenanceActions"},"trust":""},"key":"score","value":"4.65008652949e-09"}]}],"pid":[{"qualifier":{"classid":"doi","classname":"Digital Object Identifier","schemeid":"dnet:pid_types","schemename":"dnet:pid_types"},"value":"10.0000/ra.v2i3.114"}]}]} 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+{"author":[{"fullname":"Levande, Paul","name":"Paul","pid":[],"rank":1,"surname":"Levande"}],"bestaccessright":{"classid":"OPEN","classname":"Open Access","schemeid":"dnet:access_modes","schemename":"dnet:access_modes"},"collectedfrom":[{"key":"10|openaire____::6824b298c96ba906a3e6a70593affbf5","value":"Episciences"}],"context":[],"contributor":[{"dataInfo":{"deletedbyinference":false,"inferenceprovenance":"","inferred":false,"invisible":false,"provenanceaction":{"classid":"sysimport:crosswalk:repository","classname":"Harvested","schemeid":"dnet:provenanceActions","schemename":"dnet:provenanceActions"},"trust":"0.9"},"value":"Coordination Episciences 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examine the $q=1$ and $t=0$ special cases of the parking functions conjecture. The parking functions conjecture states that the Hilbert series for the space of diagonal harmonics is equal to the bivariate generating function of $area$ and $dinv$ over the set of parking functions. Haglund recently proved that the Hilbert series for the space of diagonal harmonics is equal to a bivariate generating function over the set of Tesler matrices–upper-triangular matrices with every hook sum equal to one. We give a combinatorial interpretation of the Haglund generating function at $q=1$ and prove the corresponding case of the parking functions conjecture (first proven by Garsia and Haiman). We also discuss a possible proof of the $t = 0$ case consistent with this combinatorial interpretation. We conclude by briefly discussing possible refinements of the parking functions conjecture arising from this research and point of view. $\\textbf{Note added in proof}$: We have since found such a proof of the $t = 0$ case and conjectured more detailed refinements. This research will most likely be presented in full in a forthcoming article."},{"dataInfo":{"deletedbyinference":false,"inferenceprovenance":"","inferred":false,"invisible":false,"provenanceaction":{"classid":"sysimport:crosswalk:repository","classname":"Harvested","schemeid":"dnet:provenanceActions","schemename":"dnet:provenanceActions"},"trust":"0.9"},"value":"On examine les cas spéciaux $q=1$ et $t=0$ de la conjecture des fonctions de stationnement. Cette conjecture déclare que la série de Hilbert pour l'espace des harmoniques diagonaux est égale à la fonction génératrice bivariée (paramètres $area$ et $dinv$) sur l'ensemble des fonctions de stationnement. Haglund a prouvé récemment que la série de Hilbert pour l'espace des harmoniques diagonaux est égale à une fonction génératrice bivariée sur l'ensemble des matrices de Tesler triangulaires supérieures dont la somme de chaque équerre vaut un. On donne une interprétation combinatoire de la fonction génératrice de Haglund pour $q=1$ et on prouve le cas correspondant de la conjecture dans le cas des fonctions de stationnement (prouvé d'abord par Garsia et Haiman). On discute aussi d'une preuve possible du cas $t=0$, cohérente avec cette interprétation combinatoire. On conclut en discutant brièvement les raffinements possibles de la conjecture des fonctions de stationnement de ce point de vue. $\\textbf{Note ajoutée sur épreuve}$: j'ai trouvé depuis cet article une preuve du cas $t=0$ et conjecturé des raffinements possibles. 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affecting the release and reactions of fuel-bound nitrogen in air gasification conditions were studied in order to be able to minimise their production during gasification. Another objective was to find new means to remove nitrogenous compounds from hot gasification gas. In fluidised-bed and fixed-bed types of gasifier NH3 is the predominant nitrogenous compound in addition to N2. In thermodynamic equilibrium the NH3 content of gasification gas is low. The equilibrium content ranges from 1 to 350 ppms depending on the temperature, pressure and stoichiometric ratio. The highest equilibrium content is usually encountered at high pressure. The real NH3 content of gasifier product gas is usually at least an order of magnitude higher. The fraction of fuel nitrogen that is converted to NH3 in gasification is affected by several factors. During pyrolysis young biomass fuels tend to release part of the fuel nitrogen directly as NH3, whereas coals seem to release fuel nitrogen primarily from structures that favour HCN formation. A low heating rate and factors that increase the extent of secondary reactions of gases and char during pyrolysis also increase the conversion of HCN to NH3. In fluidised-bed (and fixed-bed) gasifiers the conditions seem to favour NH3 formation but in entrained-bed gasifiers a high heating rate may promote HCN formation. Factors affecting the release of char nitrogen in gasifiers are poorly known. In this work, a statistical model was developed, which can predict the conversion of fuel nitrogen to NH3 in a laboratory-scale fluidised-bed gasifier and a larger entrained-bed gasifier. It was found that the formation of NH3 was mostly dependent on the freeboard temperature of the gasifier, and on the iron, calcium, ash and volatile matter content of fuel. Increasing the iron content of the fuel resulted in a strong decreasing effect in the NH3 formation in the fluidised-bed gasifier, but it had a smaller effect in the entrained-bed gasifier. The decomposition rate of NH3 may be increased by adding or creating suitable reactive gas species into the hot gas. In selective catalytic oxidation oxidisers like O2, NO or a mixture of these are added to the gasification gas before flowing the gas through the catalyst bed. Aluminium oxide and aluminium silicate catalysts proved to be the most effective of the materials tested in promoting NH3 decomposition in the presence of oxidisers. The temperature of optimum NH3 reduction was tightly dependent on the composition of the oxidiser used. If NO was allowed to convert to NO2 in the oxidiser mixture before feeding the oxidiser to the reactor, the best conversion was achieved at temperatures below 500 °C. If pure NO and O2 were used, the best conversion was achieved at 500 - 600 °C. An important finding in this work was the ability of aluminium oxide to catalyse the reaction between added O2 and NH3. No nitrogen oxides were formed during this type of NH3 oxidation on the aluminium oxide catalyst. The reaction product was probably N2. When O2/NH3 ratio was 4 in the experiments with synthetic gasification gas, 75% of the NH3 was decomposed in the aluminium oxide bed at the temperature range of 550 - 700 °C. The development of a gas cleaning process based on these results of selective catalytic oxidation still leaves several questions unanswered. The most important questions are connected with optimising the process, with the effect of gas impurities on the reactions and with the alternatives of oxidising HCN to N2 simultaneously with NH3."}],"externalReference":[],"extraInfo":[],"format":[],"fulltext":[],"id":"50|355e65625b88::ad8d151a2ef39d827b1b591ec856d886","instance":[{"accessright":{"classid":"RESTRICTED","classname":"Restricted","schemeid":"dnet:access_modes","schemename":"dnet:access_modes"},"alternateIdentifier":[],"collectedfrom":{"key":"10|openaire____::4692342f0992d91f9e705c26959f09e0","value":"VTT Research Information 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